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: The surrounding tissue edema begins to subside, clearing up the boundaries of the wound. The ulcer crater remains deep, but a delicate, thin red halo (marginal zone) begins to encircle the white slough, signaling that the body is preparing to transition into a healing phase. Surrounding mucosal folds begin converging uniformly toward the ulcer edge. 2. The Healing Stage (H)
At its core, the system divides the ulcer healing process into three major sequential phases, which are then each subdivided into two distinct stages. This results in a total of six stages, which trace the ulcer from its most severe, active state (A) through the healing phase (H) and finally to the complete formation of scar tissue (S).
: The ulcer base is deeply cratered and heavily covered with a thick, white or yellowish-gray necrotic slough (exudate). The margins of the ulcer are sharply defined and severely swollen with prominent edema. Blood clots or exposed vessel stubs may be visibly protruding from the bottom. sakitamiwa classification
(Healing 2): The white coating is largely gone. The ulcer is shallow and significantly reduced in size. The regenerative epithelium covers a larger portion of the ulcer base. S-Stage (Scar Stage)
The is a universally recognized medical staging system used primarily in gastroenterology to evaluate the chronological healing stages of peptic ulcers . Originally established by Japanese researchers Sakita and Miwa in 1971, this classification divides the life cycle of a mucosal ulcer into three distinct clinical phases—Active (A), Healing (H), and Scarring (S) —with each phase further sub-categorized into two sequential sub-stages. : The surrounding tissue edema begins to subside,
The (also known as the Sakita-Fukutomi classification) is a widely used endoscopic staging system for peptic ulcers, primarily gastric and duodenal ulcers. It categorizes the life cycle of an ulcer into three major stages— Active (A) , Healing (H) , and Scarring (S) —each subdivided into two sub-stages to provide a total of six steps in the healing process . 1. Active Stage (A)
The Sakita-Miwa classification, proposed in 1971 by Sakita and Miwa, is a widely used endoscopic staging system for peptic ulcers, particularly popular in East Asia. It classifies ulcers into three main stages—active (A), healing (H), and scarring (S)—based on their endoscopic appearance, allowing clinicians to evaluate ulcer activity and healing progress. : The ulcer base is deeply cratered and
Scoring and stage classification of gastric ulcer according to Sakita-Miwa classification.
The central necrotic slough becomes considerably thinner and starts to shrink in diameter as regenerated epithelium moves in. Reddish, velvety regenerating epithelial tissue forms a distinct ring at the peripheral margins, advancing inward to gradually bridge the mucosal defect.
. It categorizes the lifecycle of an ulcer into six distinct sub-stages across three major phases: ClinicalTrials.gov 1. Active Stage (A)