The growing global threat of antibiotic resistance requires immediate attention and action. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics, inadequate development of new antibiotics, and lack of coordination in addressing the issue have all contributed to the problem. By understanding the causes, consequences, and global impact of antibiotic resistance, we can work together to implement effective solutions and mitigate the risks associated with this pressing global health threat.
Why do pharmaceutical companies avoid developing new antibiotics? A) They are too difficult to manufacture. B) Governments do not allow testing. C) Short treatment courses and resistance reduce profit. D) Existing antibiotics are fully effective.
The report identifies Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae , as posing the greatest threat. These pathogens are a leading cause of severe bloodstream infections that can lead to sepsis, organ failure, and death. Critically, more than 40% of E. coli and over 55% of K. pneumoniae globally are now resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, which are the first-choice antibiotics for treating these infections. In parts of Africa, this resistance level exceeds 70%. Meanwhile, essential last-resort drugs like carbapenems are also losing their effectiveness, leaving clinicians with increasingly limited options. The growing global threat of antibiotic resistance requires
By following these tips and staying informed about the growing global threat of antibiotic resistance, you can improve your IELTS reading skills and contribute to the global effort to address this pressing health concern.
The use of antibiotics in agriculture is also a contributing factor to antibiotic resistance. In some countries, antibiotics are used to promote growth and prevent disease in livestock. This can lead to the development of resistant bacteria that can be transmitted to humans through the food chain. C) Short treatment courses and resistance reduce profit
"Globally, a staggering volume of antibiotics is utilized in agriculture and livestock farming, not merely to treat sick animals, but as growth promoters..."
The issue lies in the misuse and overuse of antibiotics in both human medicine and agriculture, which allows resistant bacteria to thrive while sensitive bacteria are destroyed. In some countries
Combating this global threat requires a multi-pronged, international approach known as the "One Health" strategy. This framework recognizes that human, animal, and environmental health are deeply interconnected. Policy changes must enforce stricter regulations on agricultural antibiotic use and ban over-the-counter sales for humans. Simultaneously, public health campaigns must educate communities on the limits of antibiotics. Ultimately, global governments must subsidize pharmaceutical research to incentivize the creation of next-generation antimicrobials before the drugs we rely on fail completely. Questions 1–6
Choose the correct letter, .
Paragraph B defines horizontal gene transfer as a process "whereby one bacterium passes on the resistance gene from another without even needing to be its parent".